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A Key Scientific & Technical Promotion Project of

China Achievement Spread Program (CASP) 

‘Yililai’ Biologic Organic Fertilizer. 

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1. Foreword

Ecotypic biological organic fertilizers (also called as innoxious organic fertilizers) are capital for China agricultural products to enter into international market and participate in international competition after China accession to WTO. They are the most reliable fertilizers necessary for China to connect to world and to produce organic foods (green foods). At the same time, they are effective means for China to implement modern ecological agricultural strategies and develop to efficient, high-quality, stable productivity and low-cost direction. With huge development potential, the prospect is wide. It is proven sustainable development of China agriculture cannot be undertaken without biological technologies and continuous innovation of science and technology.

In the new century, while Hi-Tech advances rapidly, and the conflict between world human resource and environment becomes sharp, harmonious development, creation of harmony between human and nature becomes the target that modern ecological agriculture pursues to. To protect environment human rely on, effectively fight down pollution of chemical fertilizers and pesticide on the nature, and ensure safety of agricultural products, it's profound to develop and promote innoxious, pollution free, broad-spectrum, high quality and effective ecotypic biological organic fertilizers.

The Yililai Co. has found huge market value and developing prospect of ecotypic biological organic fertilizers. With superman courage, it financed 10 million RMB Yuan and spent 8 years to devote to biological organic fertilizer development. In 1997, the ecotypic organic fertilizers series with intellectual property, combining with multiple biological technologies was successfully developed. The fertilizer series provides multiple specific functions as biological nitrogen fixation, phosphor breakdown, kalium breakdown, activation, as well as nutrition transformation. Universal and tens of special fertilizers may be produced.

To make the program, which complies with state industrial policies and significant for ecologically agricultural strategies and sustainable development of agriculture, form industrial scale so as to meet rapid increasing demand of ecotypic biological fertilizers, the program has obtained approval of establishment by the state and provincial plan committees, and has been defined as the state hi-tech industrial promotion program. The program was named as a "key scientific & technical promotion project of China achievement spread program" in 1998. By now, the program has set up tens of production lines with productivity of 20 thousand tons in South Africa. It is one of the biological fertilizer projects developing fastest with most potential in China.

2. Introduction 

Yililai Co. is a scientific, industrial and trading civil enterprise.  Since 1989, it has devoted to research of biological organic fertilizer and feedstuff, and other biological technologies. The developed Yililai biological organic fertilizer passed technical achievement identification in June 1997. They were identified as a key scientific and technical promotion project and listed in China achievement Spread Program (CASP) by the State Scientific & Technical Promotion Demonstration Base of Guangdong. Moreover, the program has been approved to establish by several provinces and the State Development Plan Committee. The program has participated in the first and second Hi-tech Fair, and produced great affect all over the world. The products have been exported to many countries in Europe, America and Southeast Asia as well as Taiwan, which fully displays developing prospect and invaluable market. It is one of the biological fertilize programs developing most fastest with most potential.

The company boasts its fertilizer factory, strain factory, labs and other departments, as well as 41 staff, among with senior and middle professionals in microbe, plantation, and soil chemistry are 11. With solid technical background and complete specialties, the company is mainly specializing in technical development, service and after sale service of biological organic fertilizers.

Although the time from scientific and technical identification is short, the products fully display its technical advance, reliability, practicability and unique fertilizer efficiency By now, there are tens of factories all over the world to produce the organic fertilizer through technical assignment or cooperation with annual design productivity as 300 thousand tons.

Yililai attaches importance on technical follow-up service after the biological organic fertilizer technology is assigned, as well as product quality inspection and after sale service. The company pays more attention on research and innovation of biological organic fertilizer to power technical progress and future development. It is sincere to develop with all partners to create beautiful future pursuant to the principle as Yililai biological technology benefits to people and makes profits.

All Yililai people, with scientific attitude to seek for truth and surefooted work manner, advocates united, coordinative, developing, innovative and practical ideology, and struggles to a large, industrialized and group-oriented enterprise combined with science, industry and trade. It will fully take advantage of it technology, develop and promote the application of biological organic fertilizers and contribute to sustainable development of China agriculture.

3. Definition of Yililai Biological Organic Fertilizer

A granule ecotypic biological organic fertilizer (without chemical fertilizer and dejection of livestock) after ferment with organic matter (humic acid) such as coal slack, or peat soil or the both two as raw material, and added in natural ground phosphate rock, potassic powder (inapplicable in location rich in kalium) and organic substance rich in starch (e.g. wheat, sweet potato powder), as well as added in multiple-function microbes.

4. Developed Workmanship

Select good microbe strains, apply unique microbe analepsia and acclimation technology to form Yililai ecological colony after application of several microbes. Effectively eliminate rivalry between microbes and facilitate several microbes to take mutual advantages, accrete, synergy and consolidate in the small environment (combination regions between fertilizer particles and soil) of big environment (soil). An advantage of group will be formed rapidly around roots and exerted, and special effect, such as biological nitrogen fixation, phosphor breakdown, kalium breakdown, prevention and cure, activation, stimulation on plant growth, as well as improvement, production and assistance of nutrition absorption, will be achieved through vigorous metabolic affect.

5. Varieties of microbes applied

The guiding ideology is to develop Yililai biological organic fertilizers achieving good nitrogen fixation effect with multiple technologies and creation of different condition. It was known, biological nitrogen fixation is the technical core of biological fertilizers. Only after nitrogen technology is solved, other technology, such as phosphor breakdown, kalium breakdown can be settled easily. Therefore, on selection of strains of biological organic fertilizers, microbes with nitrogen fixation function are cultured and acclimated. Therefore, Yililai biological organic fertilizers use following microbes:

1. Paenibacillus spp

2. Actinom ycetes

3. Loctobacillus spp

4. Yeasts

Besides nitrogen fixation, above-said microbes can transform energy (e.g. transfer starch in fertilizer to sugar, and then to dextrose), and can break down phosphor and kalium. Some can produce multiple plant hormone substance and plant growth regulation substance, some can produce multiple organic acids, such as lactic acid, citric acid and enzymes, and some can excrete antibiotics, and depress some plant pests.

After many years, Yililai biological organic fertilizers keep improving and perfecting ingredients, workmanship and strain culture. With combination of above-said microbes, the factual effect has exceeded expected target.

6. Unique structure

Biological solid nitrogen widely exists in the world in various types and manners. By now, people have found hundreds of microbes functioning nitrogen fixation. However, most in lab stage, few are applied in industrialized production. Research found the all microbes functioning to fix nitrogen contain nitrogen fixation enzyme. Oxygen can derive its activity, and it is non-reversing. To solve this technical difficulty, arrangement of strains is considered in design. That is, combine aerobe with alkali microbe. Moreover, some technical treatment is done on fertilizer structure, ingredient, and workmanship. The fertilizers are required each particle is smooth (a film on surface), which is not only for good looking, but also analog root module fixing nitrogen principle. Each particle is artificial microenvironment suitable for Yililai ecological strains living and producing various nutrients. It can be understood as they are countless micro chemical factories, where there are thousands of workers, microbes, energy and nutrient of microbes. While microbes continuously supply various nutrient to plants, secretion (similar to carbohydrate) of plant root is utilized to supplement energy and nutrient. The metabolism is more vigorous, and the secretion is more. Affected by the metabolism, the microbe is more active, and more nutrients are supplied to plants. A relationship of mutual benefit, advantages, intergrowth is set up between microbes and plants.

Because of the unique structure, when Yililai biological organic fertilizers are applied in soil (including dry farmland and irrigated land) as base fertilizer, almost all microbes in fertilizers are not restricted by soil condition (pH change and affect of other microbe regions). In the combination region of fertilizers and soil, Yililai ecological strains may adjust to the appropriate pH value (fluctuate between 4-7) and control its increase speed and quantity.

7. Technical principle

Yililai biological organic fertilizer is developed according to ecological system theory and primary concept of modern ecological. In the ecological system theory, soil is composed of inorganic matter (mineral), organic substance and microbe, which is interactive and connected closely.

Soil is the base for agricultural plant development, and inorganic matter in soil is base substance for plant growth and main source of plant inorganic nutrient. Organic substance is important material base to supply and preserve fertilizer to soil and most effective substance so as to form soil granule structure and prevent soil hardening. Microbes are active organic matter in soil. They are essential active matter to improve soil physical and chemical performance, transfer soil fertility, and accelerate soil cure. Metabolism activities of microbes in soil are the key for soil substance to transform to energy. We successfully create ecological colonies by combine useful microbes with special functions, such as biological nitrogen fixation, phosphor breakdown, kalium breakdown, silicon breakdown, plant nutrition improvement, plant growth stipulation, plant disease and pest restrain, and produce lots of physiological active substance and nutrient through key functions. The soil fertility is increased. At the same time, the fertilizers contain lots of organic matter for useful strain development and increasing. Therefore, the activity of useful strains surrounding plant roots may be increased.

(1) Supply of nitrogen

Nitrogen is the necessary and major nutrient for crop development and growth. It is also primary ingredient for protein. Nitrogenous fertilizers, such as urea, ammonium phosphor, ammonium carbon, and ammonium nitrate supply self-contained nitrogen for crop growth. However, nitrogen supplied by Yililai biological organic fertilizers comes from key functions of self-contained high efficient nitrogen fixation microbes. They may transform nitrogen in air to ammonia through self-contained nitrogen fixation enzyme. The reaction principle is:

                              Normal temp. and press.

             N2 + 8H+ + 8e                                    2NH3+H2 .

                              Nitrogen fixation enzyme

It was known technical organic nitrogen technology is the technical core of biological fertilizers. Only when nitrogen fixation gene is expressed well, highly active nitrogen enzyme may be formed. And only after nitrogen fixation microbes selected in the fertilizers are cultured through acclimation technology, it may possess strong  nitrogen  fixation.  The world-recognized acetylene reduction gas chromatography is applied to test the nitrogen fixation enzyme activity. After 5 days' culture, the activity may achieve over 500C2H4umol/g, more than 4 times of specified in state industrial standard. After several years' experiments, it is proven compared with the crops using Yililai biological organic fertilizers and using chemical fertilizers, except that in the initial days, the growth is slower than chemical fertilizers as it takes some time to fix nitrogen, in other period of growth, the fertility is stable and long-lasting, and the growth is better than that of chemical fertilizers.

(2) Supply of phosphor

Phosphor is the essential nutrient for crop growth. If phosphor is rich, crops boom, fruit and seed are full, and the production increases. Soil contains phosphor, even some soil contains sufficient phosphor, but most are organic insoluble phosphor. Moreover, common-used phosphor fertilizers (acid phosphate, monoammonium phosphate) also takes effect rapidly, the factual utilization is low (only 20-30%). Most of them are fixed by factor IV and ironic ion in soil and transforms to insoluble phosphate. Under above-mentioned status, the phosphate cannot be absorbed and utilized directly.

To ensure crops using Yililai biological organic fertilizers are supplied with enough phosphor, we add in certain natural ground phosphate rock (normal phosphor content >5%). Through key function of certain microbes, it can break down slow-effect phosphor in fertilizer and soil (combination region of fertilizer and soil) to effective phosphor. Therefore, one application of the fertilizer may meet the demand of phosphor in whole period of growth.

(3) Supply of kalium

Soil contains sufficient kalium mineral (including mica, silicate), but these are invalid kalium that cannot be absorbed by crops directly. Only after the kalium is broken down by microbes with special functions, it may be absorbed by crops. Microbes used in Yililai biological organic fertilizers may break down phosphor and kalium minerals, as well as phosphor, kalium, silicon. Calcium, Magnesium, sulfur substance, and effectively increase disease resistance and protection. At the same time, they can fix nitrogen. They are ideal strain to produce biological fertilizers.

Many years' tests prove crops (including banana, tobacco, potato) using Yililai organic biological fertilizers can meet demand of phosphor in whole period of growth.

(4) Besides supplying above-said three elements to crops, Yililai may supply large amount of silicon to crops. Many years research found, silicon is one essential element for crops. After crops absorb silicon, polymerization takes place on plant surface to form silicone. Effective protection film forms on plant surface to resist violation of pests and disease bacteria. At the same time, silicon can help crops to resist lodging, especially for ripe, wheat, sugarcane.

In short, Yililai biological organic fertilizers is effective and active biological organic fertilizers with useful microbes as active fertility core, with coal slack, decomposed coal, and wood coal as raw materials, and added in organic matter and appropriate microelements. Before being used, the fertilizers have no a great deal of nutrient elements. After being used, through key functions of self-contained microbes (nitrogen fixation and multiple active catalyzing enzyme), it may supply multiple nutrient elements to crops, and provide sufficient biotin amino acid, vitamin, growth hormone and biological activity substance. All technical indexes (including innoxious index) reach domestic technical requirements.

After big field comparison tests by related agricultural authorities, Yililai biological organic fertilizers are proven excellent fertilizer effect. Compared with single-applied chemical fertilizers, the ratio of input and export is economic. The fertilizers are innoxious, free of pollution. They are truly environmental organic fertilizers. The ecological effect is significant, therefore it is appropriate to call they ecotypic biological organic fertilizers.

8. Functions

The functions primarily related to source and effectiveness of nutrient are summarized into following aspects:

(1) Increase soil fertility. This is one of the major functions. It may increase nitrogen in soil, break down insoluble phosphor, kalium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and transform them to relevant chemical compounds (phosphide, potassic compound) may be absorbed and utilized by plants. Supply of nutrient elements and organic content in soil may be increased.

(2) Stabilize and increase yield. If Yililai biological organic fertilizers are properly used, compared with normal chemical fertilizers of same amount, the yield of common foodstuff crops may increase 15%, money crops may increase 8-37%.

(3) Improve agriculture product quality. Compared with normal chemical fertilizers, after Yililai biological organic fertilizers are applied, the nitrate content in agriculture products may decrease 80%, contents of protein, sugar and vitamin increase. Especially for agriculture products, the nature taste is strong, and appearance is nice and taste is good. It is the first choice to produce organic foods and green foods (foodstuff, fruits and vegetables free of public hazard).

(4) Effective increase disease and lodging resistance. After Yililai biological organic fertilizers are applied, crops such as paddy, wheat, sugarcane will not lodge. Little pesticide will be applied.

(5) Good drought resistance. After the fertilizers are applied, roots flourish, which is 20cm longer than that of crops applied with normal chemical fertilizers. Moreover, bacterial filaments of microbes are helpful for plants to absorb water. Therefore, the fertilizers are drought resistance.

9. Characteristics

Compared with normal chemical fertilizers, Yililai biological organic fertilizers have characteristics summarized as follows:

(1) Innoxious, environmental friendly. The innoxious indexes are all lower than state codes. They are truly environmental friendly fertilizers.

(2) Complete nutrient range. They provide not only nitrogen, phosphor, kalium silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum elements, but also a great deal of organic matter and amino acid, biotin, vitamin, growth hormone and antibiotic, and other biological active substance necessary for crop growth. Moreover, nitrogen supplied by microbe to plants does not contain chemical substance. It is subject to excellent protein.

(3) High, stable and long-lasting fertility. Common crops apply the fertilizer one time for each season, and all-year-round crops apply two times each year

(4) Convenient to use, saving labor and time. The fertilizers are applied together with seeds when sowing or applied as base fertilizer before seedling.

(5) No fertilizer damage will be produced. They will not damage seeds and roots, but accelerate growth, especially as special fertilizers to culture seedlings of paddy, banana. Seedlings grow well, and no pesticide is needed.

(6) The fertilizers can accelerate crops premature. Common crops premature 5-10 days in advance, fruits 7-15 days in advance.

(7) Good effect for continuous use. Even if the fertilizers are used in one land continuously, the effect is better than that of the last time.

(8) Free of pollution.

(9) Wide spectrum. They may be widely used in various cereal crops, oil crops, vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco, cotton, tea, mulberry and other economic crops in dry land, irrigated land and various soil conditions.

(10) Comprehensive effect (economic, ecological and social effect) are superior to chemical fertilizers.

10. Product and technology competitive advantages

As an important research subject in agriculture biological technical field, biological organic fertilizers, as a rising-sun industry, is an important content going through whole sustainable development of agriculture. Although there are many types of biological fertilizers, microbe fertilizers, biological phosphate, biological potassic fertilizer, but they are intermingled with bad and good ones. Some fertilizers are added in a great deal of chemical fertilizers, and some are produced by livestock dejection. Some use very few fertilizers (several grams, tens of grams or thousands of grams for one acre), which cannot be used as the main fertilizer. Moreover, the function is single, and sale price is high. For above-said fertilizers, especial those added in chemical fertilizers or dejection, it's the chemical fertilizers or dejection take effect or the microbes take effect? In case of Yililai biological organic fertilizers, the main raw material is waste (coal slack, decomposed coal), and no chemical fertilizers and livestock dejection are added in. They are truly biological fertilizers. It can say, changing waste to fertilizers. Compared with other fertilizers, the Yililai biological organic fertilizers have following competitive advantages:

1. Technical advantages. The hi-tech products combine with multiple biological technologies. With multiple specific functions, they solve the world difficulty as biological nitrogen fixation. Therefore, no chemical fertilizers are added in the products. Implementation of the project may not only protect global ecological environment, save a great deal of non-reproducible resource, but also avoid or dramatically decrease pollution of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the nature. It may radically improve agriculture product quality, and produce organic foods. It is a good project with significant economic, biological and social effect that benefit to human and society. The technical advantage and scientific gold content is incomparable to common biological fertilizers.

2. Resource advantages. The coal slack and decomposed coal used in the project are waste, which are rich in the world. Only in Shanxi, there are 300 million tons of coal slack waiting for development and utilization. Sufficient resource condition builds up foundation for the industrialization and scale-oriented of the project.

3. Price advantages. The raw materials apply wastes. The simple-process, low equipment investment, low labor consumption and energy consumption project has price competitive advantages compared with chemical fertilizers and other brands of biological fertilizers. Normally, the total production cost is 30% lower than that of other biological fertilizers. It has absolutely price competitive advantages in market.

4. Function advantages. In case of functions, some is nearly or superior to chemical fertilizers, some is incomparable to chemical and common biological fertilizers. If industrial scale forms, they can supersede or part supersede chemical fertilizers in production and usage. The project is one direction for future agriculture fertilizer development. It is proven the comprehensive effect (economic, ecological and social effect) is obviously superior to chemical fertilizers and common biological fertilizers.

11. Technical Indexes 

12. 1 Innoxious Indexes

13. Other directions

1. Why coal slack (decomposed coal) is used as raw material to produce Yililai biological organic fertilizers?

According to analysis of tests, coal slack (decomposed coal) contains certain amount of humic acid, organic substance and a great deal of carbon, silicon, phosphor, kalium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. After decomposed by special microbes, these elements may be transformed to nutrient that may be absorbed by agriculture crops and forest.

2. Organic substance content

The organic substance content is 20-25%. Although organic substance content is not high, however the organic substance comes from wheat powder, which is substantially different to that of peat and agricultural fertilizers.

3. Microelements

Yililai biological organic fertilizers contain tens of microelements. No matter which kind of microelement, it should not be too much. Scientifically, a certain special fertilizer should be designed and produced according to soil condition, growth habit of each crops, and then microelements are added in. That is most reasonable and effective. Only oriented design can produce highest quality fertilizers.

14. Directions of Application

1. Being applicable to base fertilizer and dressing of agriculture and forestry crops.

2. Application:

Ditch fertilization: As for the crops to be sowed after ditching, broadcast fertilizer before sowing or planting seedlings.

Hill placement: As for the crops to be sowed or planted after pitting, first broadcast fertilizer in the pits, mix the fertilizer and soil and then sow or plant seedlings. Additional fertilization: As for the crops that need additional fertilizer, pit or ditch (around) at one side or both sides of the crops. The depth of ditching will be determined according to crops. Generally, fertilizer is required to be broadcast at the position that can be contacted by root system and then cover the ditch. Supporting fertilizer: This product is long-effective fertilizer. In the initial stage of fertilization, the exertion of effect of this fertilizer is slower compared with chemical fertilizer. However, the effect of this fertilizer is obviously stronger than that of chemical fertilizer. So small amount of quick-acting nitrogerous fertilizer can be applied as supporting fertilizer in the initial stage. If this fertilizer can be applied with batch farmyard manure, it can completely replace chemical fertilizer to produce organic food.

Early application: If conditions permit, this product may be used in the above way several days before sowing or seedling planting. Early application of fertilizer can obviously enhance the effect of the fertilizer in the initial stage.

3. Amount of application:

As for general grain and oil crops, 60-80 kg of this product is to be applied in one time every 667 square meters. As for the economic crops including fruits and vegetables, 100-150 kg of this product is to be applied in one time every 667 square meters. As for fruit trees, 1-5 kg is to be applied for every tree according to its size. As for super-large fruit trees. For fruit trees, depending upon the tree age, each tree is applied l-5kg fertilizer, two applications are carried out each year. The amount of application can be increased according to actual conditions.

Points for attention:

1.  This product contains neither chemical fertilize nor livestock dejection and is natural ecological organic fertilizer.

2.  Do not apply this product after dissolving it in water. Directly apply it as base fertilizer. Spreading on the surface layer of the soil is prohibited.

3.  Keep the soil moist after the application of this product to bring its effect into better play.

4.  Pay attention to protection against moisture at the time of preservation of this product. If the product is not used up after the bag is opened, tighten the inner bag.

5.  After the use of this product as base fertilizer, herbicide and pesticide do not affect this product and can be used as normal.

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